Jobs, 53, said in a letter last week that he would remain at Apple's helm despite the hormone deficiency, and said he had already begun the "relatively simple and straightforward" treatment for the problem. But in an e-mail to employees Wednesday, Jobs backtracked.
"During the past week I have learned that my health-related issues are more complex than I originally thought," he wrote.
Apple's chief operating officer, Tim Cook, will take over Jobs' responsibilities while he is on leave.
After-hours trading on Apple shares was halted. The Cupertino, Calif.-based company's stock had sank $2.38, or 2.7 percent, to close at $85.33.
Jobs announced in 2004 that he had undergone successful surgery to treat a very rare form of pancreatic canceran islet cell neuroendocrine tumor. The cancer is easily cured if diagnosed early. Jobs did not have a deadlier and more common form of pancreatic cancer called adenocarcinoma.