Yield Curve Steepens As Prices Drop on Long Term U.S. Government Bonds

The Associated Press
The Associated Press

Rising bond yields may put pressure on lawmakers to tone down the $1.9 trillion spending plan.

The yield curve—the difference in yields for short-term and long-term debt—has sharpened dramatically in recent weeks as investors have sold off bonds maturing five-years or more into the future while shorter-term bonds have held steady.

This is likely an indication that investors think economic growth, inflation, or both will be stronger than they believed at the start of the month. Economic data has suggested that the labor market remains sluggish but most other parts of the economy are outperforming forecasts.

The yield on the one-year Treasury is slightly below where it was on February 1. The yield on the two year is exactly where it was on that day. The 10 year, however, has moved up from 1.09 percent to 1.34 percent and the 30 year has gone from 1.84 percent to 2.14 percent.

Bond yields move in the opposite direction of prices. So when yield is rising, price is falling.

Fed chair Jerome Powell will likely be questioned about what message the bond market is sending when he testifies to Congress this week.

Prominent economists have warned that the size of the spending bill Biden has proposed risks triggering unwanted inflation. That could prompt the Fed to tighten monetary policy earlier than expected, raising rates to restore price stability.

Alternatively, lawmakers or the Biden administration might decide that the yield curve’s steepening is an indicator that the economy does not need as much support as they expected earlier.

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